Electric-arc lamp



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2 Sheets-Sheet 1. I

RlSEG-ERDAHL. ELECTRIC ARC LAMP- (No Model.)

No. 518,654. Patented Apr. 24, 1894.

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2 t e e h s F t e e h s 2 R L HM A U m .E G I Em SC .B RH m .d o H o w No. 518,654. Patented Apr. 24,1894;

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UNITED STATES RUDOLPH 'SEGERDAI-IL,

ELECTRIC- OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ARC LAMP.

srncrrrcnzrzon forming part of Letters Patent No. 518,654, dated April 24, 1894.

Application tiled September 29, 1893. Serial No. 486,801. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH SEGERDAHL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and-Stateof Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Electric Lamps, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming partof this specification.

Myinvention refers more particularly to thatclass of electric lamps used in circuits of a constant potential, and therefore commonly called incandescent circuit are lamps, but it will readily be understood that my invention is not dependent on the character of the circuit, and 1 claim it can be used to advantage in any arc-lightin g system. I

In the ordinary form of arclam'ps of this class, the feeding mechanism consists of an eleetro-magnct of high resistance shunted around the are, and an armature located in close proximity to the poles of said electromagnet and arranged to operatea lover, or series of levers, in connection with a clutchmechanism, to govern the feed-rod with its carbon, so that when the are gets above its normal length the electromagnet is sufficiently energized to "attract its armature to produce a movement of theclutch-mechanism that permits the feed-rod or its equivalent with its carbon-to descend, and establish the proper length of are between the carbons. Certain irregularities in the feeding action in lamps operated on the above principle are facts well known 'in the art; the arrangement of the above mentioned armature in reference to the poles of the electro-magnet being invariably such, that on the feeding point when the electromagnet should produce but a slight movement of the armature just enough to decrease the friction of the clutch on the feed rod, to allow the same to descend no fartherthan is required to compensate for the carbon consumed and to retain the proper resistance of the are, a sudden attraction of the armature is liable to take place, which tends to open the clutch and allow the carbon points to come together, thus destroying the effect of the light and causing great variations in the resistance of the lamp circuit. Again, the Bird den momentum of the feeding-mechanism has a tendency to permit apumping action of the fEd-rod, this being noticeable almost every time the feed action takes place, and causes what is commonlycalled winking of the are. Attempts have hitherto been made to obviate the above-mentioned defects in the feeding action of arc-lamps by having the feed rod geared into a train of wheels which are adapted to retard any sudden descent of the feedrod. Also various forms of dash-pots have been applied in different manner in the presout form of arc-lamps and made to serve the same purpose. Such an arrangement fails to remove the cause, and only accomplishes the object intended, partly, and at the expense of making acomplicated mechanism. In my lamp herein described I make use of a simple gravity-feed action; the armature that controls the movement of the clutch-mechanism is arranged in a certain manner in refer ence to the poles of the feed-magnet,whereby a gradual attraction of the armature can be obtained so as to control the ism in such manner that it arrests the feedrod in its descent at the instant the normal length of arc is established. '1 am thus enabled to obtain a feed action in arc-lamps that maintains an arc of practically uniform resistance between the electrodes.

My invention further consists in the arrangement and combination of parts as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1, is a front view in elevation of a lamp in which I have embodied my invention and with its mechanism exposed. Fig. 2, is a top viewof the same; and Fig. 3, is a diagram of the circuits of the lamp.

Like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference throughout the several views.

The feeding-mechanism is located at the top of the lamp in the usual way and is preferably inclosed within a casing -A which is supported on the metallic cross-piece B of the lamp frame. To this cross-piece inside the casing -A' is secured a metallic frame D' in which the greater portion of the feeding and regulating mechanism is located. The carbons are supported 4 in the usual way, the lower one on a metallic crosspieee O of the lamp, the upper one on a metallic feed-rod E-.

clutch-mechan- AVAILABLE Gear a is of high resistance is located in the up- "per section and secured to this shelf -b-. The armature -d' of the feed-magnet is securedato the lever -ewhich is hinged at to the clutch-lever i which is pivoted at --z to the frame -D'. This'clutch-lever carries the-'clutch. -j: which is of a wellknownifqrjn adaptedwhen drawn up to grasp 1 :o the feed-riid E and when lowered untilit strikes thetop of the bearing a'- adapted to, release thefeed-rod 'E-. The outer end of the clutch-lever i is arranged to operate a cut-(out device by means of which 2 5 the feed magnet o is held out of circuit when the carbon in the lamp has been consuined to a certain point, and which will be morefully referred to hereinafter. The lifting-lever -f-'- is hinged at Z- to the le- 36 ver"-e-. I

At the top of the frame -1) is secured 1 the spring-plate mextended to reach under the head of the adjustable screw -n inthe lifting-lever f. By means of this 3 5 screw the tension of the'spring-plate 'mis regulated to overcome-the weight of the feed-Jrod E- with its carbon and to maintain the respective carbon points a distance apart; this beingtheir normal position in my 0 lamp until the feed-magnet o becomes sufliciently energized by the current to attract the armature dwhich in its turn acts'to lower the lifting lever f and the clutch-lever iuntil it allows the clutch 7'- to strike the bearing a' adapted to release the feed rod -E; thus permitting he same to descend and form a circuit }-through the carbons. As will be observed .i -the feed-magnet o; is in a series connection inthe lamp' circuit until the upper and lower carbons form a contact with one an other, when a shunt circuit is formed; thus t the instant the carbon points touch one ='another the feed magnet ois for a mo ment short circui ted and tie-energized, the armature d is released and the proper length of arc is established between the car-.

bon points by its return action causedrby the tension spring -m-, after which the proper 6o feeding of the carbon is'repeated by the re; sponsive action of the feed-magnet c to the varying resistance of the arc. I prefer to use a magnet construction as shown; the feed magnet -c being of the ordinary double pole typeand having flat' poles K-K'. 'lhc armature dwhich is also flat, is arranged to operate across the top of the poles KK'- and is preferably secured to the lever -(lin a manner to maintain an inclined position in regard to the pole facetas I have found when the armature is placed in this position a uniform movement 'of the same toward the poles of the magnet may be attained, and that it also reduces the efiect of the sluggishness of the electro-magnet on the receding action of thearmatunefrom the poles, to a minimum, so that the clutch mechanism may be governed by the same, in a manner toeifect a gradual and delicate feed of the carbon which is the object desired. It is obvious that any other form or construction of electromagnet, or armature, may be used to advantage,-and I do nottherefore wish to be understood as limiting myself to the particular construction shown.

tended to facilitate the adjustments of the lamp; as the length of the connecting rod 71.-,

. v 8 5 J The slot o in the clutch'lever iis in-.

I have hereinabove referred to the position of the feed-rod in my lamp before the current is passed through the same, it being held up by the action of the spring 'm until it is released by the action ofthe feedmagnet -c. It is desirable that the feed rod- E should be released to accominodate the operation of renewal of carbons, and Iaccomplish this by means of the arbor 'p-'- projecting through the frame B- and the clutchlever -i. At the upper end of this arbor I secure a collar -qarranged to act against the top surface of the levcri. To the lowerend of the arbor -p.- is secured a thumb-piece r which serves to turn the arbor p in any desired direction. At the bottom of the frame E a cam s is secured, and against which the projecting pin t in the arbor p acts; so that by turn ing the thumb-piece r the collar g is made to press against the clutch-lever L'- to lower the same enough to release the feed rod l'---. The coil spring uis applied to press against the collar 1 so that in its normal position, it is held away from the clutch lever -i--. I have also made reference to the fact. that in my lamp the feedmagnot is exposed to the full current pressure until the carbon points come together, or the arc is established. if exposed to the current pressure forauylengthof time,

which might take place for lack of proper attention when the carbons are consumed, it may cause thoIced-magnet to burn out; to obviate this, I have provided my lamp with an automatic cut out device to break the circuit in the feed-magnet -c. when the carbons in the lamp are consumed to a certain point. It consists of the lever, a-- pivoted.

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' made to overbalance the upper arm. .To the side of the frame D is secured an insulating block ---c*, to the inner side of this block is secured a contact point --d on the 5 opposite side of the insulating block ;--c-- is secured a spring contact e The negative terminal of the feed-magnet cis broken; the respective .ends -NN" cou nected to contact ---dand the spring e respectively, so that when the spring contact e is in. a position to press against the contact d there is a closed circuit through the feed-magnet c In the lower arm of the lever -a is secured an insulatr 5 ing block --f descent by means of the stop screw --g moves the lever a"- until the insulating knob -f strikes the spring -e-- and forces it away from the contact d the circuit in the feed-magnet-cis thus broken and the clutch-lever -'i' r'eturns to its normal position; in so doing its outer end forces itself against the lower end of the lever a thus locking the same to prevent the circuit 2 5 'in the feed-magnet c being again closed when the stop screw g*- is raised with the feed-rod -E. After the carbons in the lamp are consumed, the operation of renewal of carbons consists in lowering the clutch-le- 0 ver -i as above referred to; this permits the lever 'a returning to its normal position so that the circuit in the feed-magnet --c is again completed through contacts -d and the lamp made ready foraction.

3 5 Having thus described my invention,. I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination in an electric lamp, of a governing electro-magnet, with an armature 4o therefor, alifting lever having one end linked in a suitable connecting point to the frame of the lamp and its other end to the clutch mechanism that controls the action of the movable electrode, said lifting lever also being movable with said armature, a tension spring adapted to establish, the are between the respective eiect rodes in the lamp, and means to regulate the tension of said spring, whereby said electrodes are normally held a distance apart.

5o 2.: In an electric arc-lamp the combination with the feed-magnet, its armature and arma- -ture lover, of a lifting-lever which at one end is linked in a suitable connecting point to the frame of the lamp and at its other end to the 5 5 clutch mechanism to operate the feed rod, said lifting-lever also being connected to the .armature and movable therewith, and a tension spring secured to the frame of the lamp substantially parallel with the movement of 00 said lifting-lever and arranged to operate the free end of the same, whereby the weight of the feed-rod with its carbon is sustained, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination in an electric arc-lamp,

of a feed magnet shunted around the are, its armature and armature lever, with a lifting lever which at one end is linked in a suitable The feed-rod -E- in itsconnecting point to the frame of the lamp and its other end linked to the clutch mechanism to operate the feed-rod, said lifting lever also bein-g connected to the armature lever and movable therewith, and a tension spring adapted to raise the free end of said lifting lever and the clutch mechanism with the feed rod whereby the respective carbons are normally held out of contact with one another, substantially as set forth. 4,. In an electric arc-lamp having its feedrod raised and held by the action of a tension spring -m liftingdever =fclutch-lever i-- and the clutch jmeans whereby said feed rod is released, consisting of an arbor -p-- projecting through the frame of the lamp and the clutch-lever i--', said arbor being provided at its upper end with a collar -qand at its lower end with a thumb-piece 'r--, a pin or stud --t'- secured in said arbor and arranged to act against the cam -s secured to the frame of the lamp and adapted to lower the clutch mechanism to release the feed-rod, substantially as set forth.

5. In an electric arc-lamp providedwith a mechanism consisting of a feed-magnet its armature and armature lever, a lifting lever atone end linked to the frame of the lamp and at its other end by means of a connecting rod hto the clutch lever --z'-- supporting the clutch j and the feed-rod E, the proper adjustment of said mechanism being dependent on the length of said connecting rod, means whereby to facilitate said adjustment, consisting of having that portion of the clutch lever iinto which the connecting rod his held, movable, and adapted to be raised or lowered as the condition of the mechanism may require, substantially as set forth. a

6. The combination in an electric arc lamp, provided with a suitable feed-magnet, of a cut-out device arranged to throw the said feed-magnet out of circuit automatically when the carbon is consumed to a certain point, consisting of a normally closed con-,

tact in circuit with said feed magnet, a cam lever a pivoted to the frame of the lamp and arranged to move in the direction of said contact by the action of the descent of the feed-rod E and to open the circuit at said contact, and the clutch-lever -z'- arranged so that when it returns to its normal position after the shunt circuit in the lamp is broken, it acts to lock said cam -lever, whereby the circuit in the feed-magnet after being broken by the action of the feed-rod is maintained open by the action of the clutchlever until the operation of renewing the carbons in the lamp takes place, substantially as set forth.

RUDOLPH SEGERDAIIL.

Witnesses:

JOHN SHILLESTAD, K. O. NELSON. I 

